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FACTORS LIMITING LIFE TIME OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS WITH PRESSURIZED-WATER REACTORS
Křivánek, Robert ; Kolat, Pavel (referee) ; Liszka, Ervin (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is to analyze the state of preparedness of nuclear power plants (NPP) for long term operation (LTO) based on the IAEA SALTO (Safety Aspects of Long Term Operation) peer review service, analysis of the most significant failures, accidents and operational experience with type reactors PWR/VVER focusing on cases caused by equipment ageing and identification of major structures and components limiting life time of PWR/VVER-type nuclear power plants, and possible measures to ensure their required service life. Based on the results of the IAEA SALTO peer review service, an analysis of the main deficiencies and measures of NPPs in preparation for a safe LTO was performed, focusing on topics whose deeper knowledge is important for the future more precise determination of technical factors limiting the lifetime of NPPs. The main deficiencies and measures in the preparatory phase for LTO and the most important technical measures are summarized in chapter 4.5. The main deficiencies and the most important technical corrective measures in the area of ageing management of structures and components are discussed separately. The history of major failures and operational experience of nuclear power plants with PWR/VVER reactors from the point of view of ageing of structures and components is analyzed in chapter 6.2. The result is a statistic analysis of ageing-related events, an overview of the most significant PWR/VVER reactor failures with an impact on their service life, a statistical overview and discussion of the most important degradation mechanisms, and other important findings from the history of major failures and operational experience. Chapter 6.3 analyzes factors limiting the operation of nuclear power plants with PWR/VVER reactors with focus on structures and components potentially limiting the life of PWR/VVER reactors and possible measures to ensure their required life. In conclusion, the main reasons of permanent shut down of NPPs (actual and potential) for 40, 60 and 80 years of operation and the measures to ensure their required life are summarized.
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Structural evolution and U/Pb dating of the Hammar Domain (East-African Orogeny)
Belule, Bezuneh Melka ; Verner, Kryštof (advisor) ; Závada, Prokop (referee)
in English Studied parts of the Hammar Domain and Adola-Moyale Belt is situated at the junction of the Arabian Nubian Shield (ANS) and Mozambique Belt (MB) as a crucial area where to study the overall imprint of the East-African Orogeny in Ethiopia. Based on detailed field geological mapping, morphotectonic analysis of Digital Elevation Model, detailed structural analysis and U/Pb dating results of biotite orthogneiss from the Hammar Domain the overall tectonic evolution associated with the East-African Orogeny is interpreted. The structural evolution of the northern Hammar Domain and northwestern tip of the Adola- Moyale Belt could be defined into four deformation phases D1 to D4 resulted in origin of: (a) Relict compositional banding (S1) of flat-lying orientation defining the primary contacts of high- to medium grade lithologies, (b) superimposed steeply to moderately dipping ~N-S to ~NW-SE trending compressional foliation (S2) due to a regional ~E-W oriented compression and (c) later sub-horizontal to gently NW dipping foliation (S3) associated with well-developed NW plunging lineation. Furthermore, the localized tectonic activity was concentrated in form of narrow brittle-ductile to brittle ~N-S to ~NW-SE trending shear zones, commonly accompanied by hydrothermal mineralization. New...
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Proofs of settlement buldings from the late bronze age until La téne period in the region of Lomský and Loučenský streams in northwestern Bohemia
ŠŤASTNÝ, Ondřej
The main focus of this thesis are proofs of buildings from urnfield period to La T?ne period and the development of the buildings during these periods. The main source of information is a research of archeological data gained from published or unpublished archeological excavations where these structures were detected. The main region on which this thesis if focus on is a microregion of Lomský and Loučenský streams in the northwestern Bohemia. With the help of these documented structures we can trace possible continuity of settlement between periods. Part of the paper is a rewier research of object 3/84 from Jenišův Újezd where the excavations were held during 1984-85 and 1989.
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Fabrics and geodynamic evolution of orthogneisses in the Moldanubian Zone
Kryl, Jakub ; Verner, Kryštof (advisor) ; Venera, Zdeněk (referee)
Fabrics and geodynamic evolution of Moldanubian orthogneisses English abstract The aim of this paper is a structural analysis of selected mostly Cambro-Ordovician orthogneisses cropping out in a part of high-grade rocks of western Moldanubian Zone. These rocks have been affected by HT-MP/LP metamorphism and the polyphase deformation during the Variscan orogeny. In the blaník orthogneisses, (Qtz + Kfs + Plg + Bt ± Ms ± Sill ± Ky) an early deformation banding dips steeply to SSE to ESE. These fabrics were overprinted by NW to N gently dipping foliation with well developed stretching lineations plunging to W. Rare kinematic indicators (e. g. fold and pressure shadows asymmetry) reveal a strong subvertical contraction and stretching in the ~N-S direction. Based on the microstructural analysis this contractional event was connected with the activity of "Grain Boundary Migration Recrystallization" (GBM). Ductile shear zones dipping to E, locally ESE or ENE were identified. Bechyně orthogneisses (Qtz + Kfs + Plg + Bt ± Ms) is a N-S elongated body with the presence of regional pervasive metamorphic foliation dipping homogenously under low angles from SSW to WNW . These foliations bear well developed mineral or stretching lineation of quartz, biotite and feldspar aggregates plunging to ~SW. In the blaník orthogneiss...
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The Reign of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I., 527-565
Žaludová, Jaroslava ; Veverková, Kamila (advisor) ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (referee)
The diploma thesis " The Reign of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I., (527 - 565)" deals with the life and the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I. The aim of the thesis is to perform the Justinian effort to reach the symphony between the State and the Church.The first chapter leads us to the ages preceding the Justinian's Reign and gets acquainted us with the political and dynastic history. From the second chapter of the thesis deals with its main topic, the Emperor Justinian I., his life and reign and with his foreign, internal and religious policy. The final part presents appreciating of Justinian's personality.
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Modern fungicides and mechanism of their action
Zaleš, František ; Gabriel, Jiří (advisor) ; Ptáček, Petr (referee)
Fungicides are compounds, which are able to kill a fungi (they are therefore fungicidal), or they are able to slow or stop growth of a fungi (they are therefore fungistatic). Some fungicides also have insecticidal properties and can offer dual protection. This bachelor thesis is mainly dealing with fungicides, which are used to protect wood and wooden constructions from wood decaying fungi. Part of this bachelor thesis is a brief overview of wood decaying fungi and also an insight into the history of fungicides, but the main goal of this thesis is to offer a survey of currently used fungicides for wood protection against wood decaying fungi and also describe the mechanism of their action. Keywords: fungi, fungicides, buildings, general threat, wood decay, mode of action
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Slovak and Czech architecture of the 20th century 60: Comparison of selected buildings
Rusňáková, Lucia ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Šmied, Miroslav (referee)
Abstract The bachelor thesis deals with the determination of the basic common features and the differences between Slovak and Czech architecture of the 60s and 70s year of the 20th century. It is based on a comparison of four selected representative pairs of buildings, architectural monuments (Monument of Slovak National Uprising in Banska Bystrica and completion of the tower of the church of the Virgin Mary and St. Jeroným, Cyril and Metod, Vojtech and Prokop in Prague), crematoriums (Bratislava and Zlin), University campuses (Slovak University of Agriculture and the Czech technical University in Prague) and bridges in the urban environment (SNP bridge in Bratislava and Prague Nusle Bridge). The comparative analysis is preceded by the insight on the development of the Slovak and Czech architecture in the 20th century, focusing on the 1960s and the question whether in the joint Czechoslovak state existed two specific national schools. Comprehensive responds is given in the final chapter by summarizing the results of the comparison of selected buildings. The analysed buildings are graphically and photographically documented.
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Geodynamic evolution and emplacement of Eisgarn - type granitoids (Moldanubian Batholith)
Paclíková, Jana ; Verner, Kryštof (advisor) ; Franěk, Jan (referee)
English abstract This diploma thesis deals mainly with identification of magmatic (respectively magnetic) fabrics, geodynamical aspects of emplacement and geochronology of the Eisgarn granitoids. For the analysis Klenov and Mrákotín pluton were chosen, which is placed in the eastern part of the Moldanubian Batholith. This thesis contains petrological and mezoscopic structural analysis of the host metamorphic rocks of the Moldanubian Unit and it includes calculation of P-T conditions of the main mineral assemblage. This is followed by petrological, geochemical and mezoscopic structural analysis of the Klenov and Mrákotín pluton and analysis of the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility, geochronology of the Klenov pluton, gravimetry analysis and determination of the orientation of density interfaces in different depths. Granitoids of the Klenov and Mrákotín pluton are characterized as S-type granitoids, whose protolith were probably metasedimentary rocks. From the analysis it is also evident that the Klenov pluton records lower degree of magma fractionation than the Mrákotín pluton. The emplacement and crystallization of both studied magmatic bodies took place in cooperation with a development of regional metamorphic fabrics, which originate between 329 and 327 Ma. During this period a rapid exhumation of...
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